Geology

Geology is the science of the structure, composition and structure of the earth, its physical properties and evolutionary history, and the processes that formed and continue to form it.

General, physical or dynamic geology deals with the endogenous and exogenous forces and processes that shape the earth's crust, tectonics with the structure of the earth's crust.

The term geology in the modern sense was introduced by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740-1799) as a fixed term. Before that, the term geognosy was in use.

Deviating from the actual meaning, the word is also used for geological structure, such as The Geology of the Alps.

In regional geology, the geological conditions of certain geographic areas are presented. Applied geology makes the findings of geology usable for business and technology, e.g. B. in construction (engineering geology), for water management (hydrogeology) or for the exploration of raw materials (mineral deposits).

Due to the ongoing scientific progress, new special directions such as lunar geology, planetary geology, cosmic geology, satellite geology and mathematical geology are constantly emerging.